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142 Леневич О.І.

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Інститут екології Карпат НАН України, м. Львів
НПП «Сколівські Бескиди», Львівська обл., м. Сколе
e-mail: oksanalenevych@gmail.com

Lenevych O.I.
The influence of the relief on the formation of the trail network within the forest ecosystems of
the NPP «Boikivshchyna» (Verkhovynsky Vododilny ridge, Ukrainian Carpathians
The influence of recreational load on soil cover is considered. It was found out that in the depressions
of the slopes and on the leveled areas there is an accumulation of forest litter, the power and reserves of
which depend on the steepness of the slope, the direction of the path and the recreational load. The
influence of recreational load on the physical and water-physical properties of brown mountain-forest
soils was analyzed. It was found that the complete or partial absence of litter on the paths causes rapid
evaporation of moisture from the upper horizon (0−5 cm) of the soil, a decrease in the overall porosity,
and an increase soil bulk density. It was found that as the soil bulk density increases, the water
permeability of the soil decreases, compared to the control. A significant increase in structure density
indicators was found on paths with a significant steepness of the slope, and the obtained results are
characteristic of the transitional Нr horizon of brown mountain-forest soils. On the contrary, stagnation
of water begins to form in the micro-lowering or on the concave surface of the path, which leads to the
formation of new bypass paths. The forest floor in such areas is partially peated, and the F+H capacity of
the sub-horizon can be more than 50% of its total capacity. The fractional composition is dominated by
the share of leaves and fruits. According to the proposed ecological criteria for assessing the state of the
natural environment, namely: the width of the path, the absence/presence of forest litter on the path, the
density of the soil structure, the presence of additional/parallel paths, the depth of the erosion cut, it was
established that the state of the path leading to the town of Pikuy from of the village of Verkhne Gusne
corresponds to category III. It was found that the width of the trail is 1.80-3.50 m, and the stock of forest
litter is less than 1 kg·m⁻², and the density of soil structure on the trail increased by 1.5 times compared to
the control. As a result of significant overconsolidation of the upper horizons on the path within the forest
ecosystems, erosion processes occur, as evidenced by the depth of the ravine of 35-50 cm. In order to
improve the ecological condition of the trail or slow down the degradation processes, it is advisable to
introduce organizational, management and engineering measures.
Key words: forest litter; density of soil structure; water permeability; relief; path; NPP
«Boikivshchyna».