Page 199 - Proceedings of the State Natural History Museum. Issue 37 (Lviv, 2021)

198 Zamoroka A. M.

nov. and "Cyllenes" = Chlorophorini, trib. nov. on the basis of morphology. It also should
be emphasized that Chlorophoritae, supertrib. nov. is the most progressive and evolutionary
young clade within Cerambycinae [25, 39, 50, 72].
Several large groups of genera have been identified within Clytini, trib. sensu nov. and
Chlorophorini, trib. nov. Lee & Lee showed that Neoclytus mucronatus (Fabricius, 1775) is
the sister lineage to Clytus + Perissus + Xylotrechus clade [39]. In the current study, I confirm
overall results of Lee & Lee [39]. I found that Neoclytus and Zajciwiclytus, gen. nov. and
Cotyclytus comprise a common clade that is the sister to the rest Clytini, trib. sensu nov. I
have concluded that both clades should be considered as separate subtribes Neoclytina,
subtrib. nov. and Clytina, subtrib. nov. Lee & Lee also showed that Plagionotus is the sister
clade to the clade Chlorophorus + Demonax + Rhaphuma [39]. Their results are confirmed
in the current study. Furthermore, I showed that Palearctic Plagionotus and Nearctic
Megacyllene constitute the monophyletic clade, that is sister to the clade Chlorophorus +
Demonax + Rhaphuma. Thus, I considered both of them in the rank of subtirbes:
Plagionotina, subtrib. nov. and Chlorophorina, subtrib. nov. respectively.
Internal phylogeny of Clytini, trib. sensu nov. and Chlorophorini, trib. nov. remains
intricate and unclear in many ways. The current results make only a partial contribution to its
understanding. While the phylogeny of Neoclytus, Xylotrechus, Clytus, Plagionotus,
Meacyllene is more or less clear, then for Chlorophorus, Demonax, Rhaphuma it remains
mostly unresolved.
Neoclytus. I found that genus Neoclytus is nonmonophyletic. At least North American
Neoclytus mucronatus belongs to separate clade then rest studied species (Neoclytus
acuminatus (Fabricius, 1775); Neoclytus jouteli Davis, 1904; Neoclytus leucozonus (Laporte
de Castelnau & Gory, 1836). Furthermore, Ray and al. indicated several species groups of
Neoclytus which differs by pheromones [59]. For instance, males of Neoclytus mucronatus
and several other species produced (R)-3-hydroxyhexan-2-one only one component of
pheromone. Contrary them, males of Neoclytus acuminatus produced (2S, 3S)-2,3-
hexanediol as their dominant or sole pheromone component. Over more, according to my
results Neoclytus mucronatus is nested in the common clade with South American Cotyclytus
curvatus (Germar, 1821). However, both species are very distant relatives with significant
morphological differences [43]. I considered to establish genus Zajciwiclytus, gen. nov. for
Neoclytus mucronatus = Zajciwiclytus mucronatus, comb. nov.
Xylotrechus. My current results showed that genus Xylotrechus s.l. is completely
polyphyletic. It consists at least of three independent clades: 1) Xylotrechus chinensis +
Xylotrechus villioni; 2) Xylotrechus grayii; 3) Xylotrechus s.str. Moreover, the third clade is
deeply paraphyletic and represents two evolutionary lineages: 1) Xylotrechus antilope
(Schönherr, 1817) + (Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus Bates, 1873 + Xylotrechus magnicollis
(Fairmaire, 1888) + Xylotrechus rufilius Bates, 1884) and 2) Xylotrechus s.str. (for details
see taxonomical summary below). The polyphyletic nature of Xylotrechus s.l. is also
indicated by Lee and Lee [39] and Grebennikov and al. [25]. In contrast to molecular
research, in modern taxonomic works Xylotrechus s.l. is considered monophyletic and is
divided into 5 subgenera: 1) Kostiniclytus Danilevsky, 2009; 2) Ootora Niisato & Wakejima,
2008; 3) Rusticoclytus Vives, 1977; 4) Xyloclytus Reitter, 1913; 5) Xylotrechus s. str. [11,
12, 41, 61]. However, my results do not confirm this division. First, I found that Xylotrechus
chinensis and Xylotrechus villioni form a common clade, which is separate from the others
and is basal in Clytina, subtrib. nov. Therefore, I propose to consider this clade as an